External

Definition

External is an adjective that describes something related to the outer surface, part, or structure of an object or entity. It can also refer to anything outside or separate from a particular thing or context.

Parts of Speech

• Adjective

Pronunciation

American English

• IPA Pronunciation: /ɪkˈstɜrnəl/
• Respelling: ik-STUR-nuhl

British English

• IPA Pronunciation: /ɪkˈstɜːnəl/
• Respelling: ik-STUR-nuhl

Etymology

The word "external" originates from the Latin "externus," meaning "outside" or "outer," derived from "ex-" (out of). The term entered Middle English through Old French, maintaining its meaning related to being outside or outer in nature.

Derivatives

• Externally (adverb)
• Externality (noun)
• Externalize (verb)
• Externals (noun, plural)
• Internal-external (adjective, comparative)

Synonyms

• Outer
• Exterior
• Outside

Antonyms

• Internal
• Interior
• Inside

Usage

The adjective "external" is often used to describe outer parts or influences. For example, "The external walls of the building need repainting," or "The company faced external pressure from stakeholders." It can also describe relationships or phenomena beyond the immediate system or entity.

Related Terms

• Interior: Referring to the inner part or inside.
• Surface: The outermost layer or boundary of an object.
• Peripheral: Situated on the edge or outer areas.

Detailed Definitions

Adjective

• Situated on or related to the outside surface or structure: Refers to the physical outer part of something.
  • Example: "The external paint on the house has started to fade."
• Relating to or involving outside entities or factors: Describes elements or influences originating outside a system or organization.
  • Example: "The business was affected by external economic pressures."
• Applicable or directed towards the outside: Indicates actions or processes concerning the outer part or external world.
  • Example: "He applied the ointment for external use only."