Unless

Definition

Unless is a subordinating conjunction used to introduce a condition where something will happen only if another condition is not met.

Parts of Speech

• Conjunction

Pronunciation

American English

• IPA Pronunciation: /ʌnˈlɛs/
• Respelling: un-LESS

British English

• IPA Pronunciation: /ʌnˈlɛs/
• Respelling: un-LESS

Etymology

The word "unless" originates from Middle English, a combination of "on" (in the event) and "lesse" (less), forming "on lesse," which evolved into "unless." It has been in use since the 14th century.

Derivatives

• Unlesse (archaic spelling)
• Unlessed (obsolete, rarely used)
• Unlessing (informal, rarely used as a gerund)
• Unlessable (rare, theoretical adjective form)
• Unlessness (rare, abstract noun form)

Synonyms

• Except if
• If not
• Save (archaic)

Antonyms

• None

Usage

The conjunction "unless" is commonly used in conditional sentences to specify exceptions, as in "You will fail the test unless you study hard." It indicates a condition that needs to be met to avoid a particular outcome.

Related Terms

• If: A conjunction used for conditional clauses.
• Except: A preposition or conjunction indicating exclusion.
• Otherwise: An adverb used to indicate an alternative condition.

Detailed Definitions

Conjunction

• Except on the condition that: Used to specify that something will happen only if a certain condition is not fulfilled.
  • Example: "I won’t go to the party unless she invites me."