Shock

Definition

The word "shock" refers to a sudden or violent disturbance or impact (noun), or to cause someone to feel surprise or distress (verb).

Parts of Speech

• Noun
• Verb

Pronunciation

American English

• IPA Pronunciation: /ʃɑːk/
• Respelling: SHAHK

British English

• IPA Pronunciation: /ʃɒk/
• Respelling: SHOK

Etymology

The word "shock" comes from the Middle French "choquer," meaning "to collide," and from the Old French "choque," meaning "a clash or blow." It is derived from the Vulgar Latin "*succussare," meaning "to shake." The modern sense of the term developed to include emotional or physical impact.

Derivatives

• Shocking (adjective)
• Shocked (adjective)
• Shockwave (noun)
• Shockproof (adjective)
• Shocker (noun)

Synonyms

• Surprise
• Impact
• Disturbance

Antonyms

• Calm
• Peace
• Tranquility

Usage

The term "shock" is used in various contexts, including emotional reactions, physical impacts, and medical conditions. Examples: "She felt a sudden shock when hearing the news," and "The collision caused a shock wave."

Related Terms

• Impact: The force or effect of one thing striking another.
• Trauma: A deeply distressing experience or injury.
• Startle: To cause a sudden reaction of surprise or fear.

Detailed Definitions

Noun

• A sudden or violent disturbance: Refers to a physical or emotional jolt caused by an unexpected event.
  • Example: "The news of his resignation came as a shock to everyone."
• A medical condition caused by inadequate blood flow: Refers to a critical physical state resulting from injury or illness.
  • Example: "The patient went into shock after the accident."
• An electrical discharge or jolt: Refers to the sensation or effect caused by contact with electricity.
  • Example: "He received a small electric shock while fixing the wiring."

Verb

• To cause surprise or distress: Indicates an action that leads to emotional upset or astonishment.
  • Example: "The announcement shocked the audience."
• To jolt or disturb physically: Refers to a sudden impact or movement that disrupts something.
  • Example: "The earthquake shocked the foundation of the building."