Turbulent

Definition

The adjective "turbulent" denotes (1) marked by disorder, conflict, or confusion; (2) characterized by violent or unsteady movement (of air, water, or environments); and (3) figuratively, full of sudden or intense changes.

Parts of Speech

• Adjective

Pronunciation

American English

• IPA: /ˈtɜːr.bjə.lənt/
• Respelling: TUR-byuh-lent

British English

• IPA: /ˈtɜː.bjʊ.lənt/
• Respelling: TUR-byu-lent

Etymology

From Latin turbulentus “disordered, full of commotion,” from turbāre “to disturb.” Entered English in the early 17th century.

Derivatives

• Turbulence (noun)
• Turbulently (adverb)

Synonyms

• Tumultuous
• Chaotic
• Stormy

Antonyms

• Calm
• Peaceful
• Stable

Usage

"Turbulent" appears in meteorology, aviation, politics, and figurative contexts. Examples: "The flight was delayed due to turbulent weather," and "The region experienced turbulent times after the coup."

Related Terms

• Turbulence: Disorderly or gusty movement, especially of air or water.
• Tumult: A loud, confused noise or disturbance.
• Upheaval: A sudden, violent change or disruption.

Detailed Definitions

Adjective

• Marked by disorder, conflict, or confusion: Indicates a state of upheaval or instability.
  • Example: "The political climate was turbulent after the election."
• Characterized by violent or unsteady movement: Describes air, water, or environments in rough or agitated motion.
  • Example: "The plane encountered turbulent air over the mountains."